Essay about Ethical Behavior - 810 Words

The definition of ethical behavior or ethics as a whole is one that eludes many people. There have been many philosophers that have tried to create a set of guidelines that create a code or baseline to a decision. Immanuel Kant is one such person who has created some of the bases that all theories have been based. Kant’s principals or the categorical imperative is the base for the â€Å"Golden Rule†; which is taught to young children. Do on to others, as you would have others do on to you. To quote Kant, â€Å"Act that your principle of action might safely be made a law for the whole world.† Ethical behavior is the way that a person should act using a set of rules or standards that have been formed within a community of people. These communities†¦show more content†¦If the decision hurts more people than it helps then the action should be deemed unethical. This is just one method of finding the ethicality of an action. In this situation bribing a public official is unethical because it creates an environment where that public official is loyal to both the company as well as the constituents that elected them. This creates a situation where the official may have to choose the company that gave them money over the will of the people that have placed their faith and power on them. Laws are the written word that states what can and cannot be done. Most of these laws are based on ethical principals. It is illegal to willfully kill another person without extenuating circumstances being present. This law is to help protect all people’s lives from the actions of other people. This law is ethical in most circumstances but if we use the same calculation as before we could find a situation where killing a person could be justified as â€Å"for the common good†. One example of this would be a serial killer; this type of person is dangerous and is a menace to society. Using common logic it would be acceptable to remove this person from the public, thus protecting a large portion of the population from harm. In this situation is it ethical to kill another human being? Some people say that there are no circumstances whereShow MoreRelatedEthical Leadership : Unethical Behavior1568 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Leadership With all the recent unethical behavior in high profile cases. Someone may ask is there such a thing as ethical leadership? Leadership behaviors have a direct impact on the effectiveness and trust of the leader, the followers, and the organization. In the recent past there have been organizations rocked by scandal and impropriety stemming from how a leader acted or did not act such as: â€Å"the alleged cover-up by Penn State University senior administrators of criminal acts perpetuatedRead MoreFinancial Performance, Reward And Ethical Behaviors Within The World Of Business782 Words   |  4 PagesWe will review the most advantageous methods of investing and explore the Budgetary Performance, Reward and Ethical Behaviors within the world of business. We will explore Linda’s behaviors, ethics, and management style. Firstly, having, someone with Linda’s abilities when coping with and operating many different sides of the accounting and work with many different variables. A person who understands how to shift costs for the short term benefit or long term benefit in order to survive and be profitableRead MoreEthical Behavior790 Words   |  4 Pages Ethical Behavior In this chapter we look at the ethical behavior when it comes to business management. Ethics is defined as the code of moral principles that sets standards of good or bad, or right or wrong, in one’s conduct. You learn how ethical dilemmas complicate the workplace and how high ethical standards can be maintained. Social responsibilities and governance plays a part in ethical behavior as well. Ethical behavior is that which is accepted as â€Å"good†Read MoreUnethical Behavior And Ethical Behavior1519 Words   |  7 PagesUnethical behaviour and ethical behaviour are two factors that are found to be very different around the world. Ethical behaviour can be seen to come from an an individual with a high morality and proper conduct. Unethical behavior, defined as behaviour that violates generally accepted moral norms (Jones, 1991) can usually come from an individual that does not abide by the rules of morality. The professional world is where ethical and unethical behaviour is a constant topic. The professional worldRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Behavior1117 Words   |  5 Pagesethical behavior is the guidelines of behavior perceived in respect to a specific class of human activities or a specific group, society, and culture. If you are ethical, it means you are morally right. If you are unethical, then you are morally wrong. However, how do we determine w hat is exactly right or wrong? Do we know if we are ethical or unethical? I believe that how people define â€Å"ethical behavior† or what people think constitutes ethical can be vary depending on culture we grow up with andRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Behavior Essay2251 Words   |  10 PagesEthical conduct is a representation of leader’s self-expression of who they really are, and with past multi-billion dollar companies reported committing unethical and unmoral acts of behavior, it is imperative that leaders fully comprehend the ramifications related to their unethical behavior. Furthermore, an ethical virtue demonstrated by a leader paves the foundation for their followers to behave with the same ethical behavior established within the organization thus establishing a followers’Read MoreWhat Do You Think Would Be More Effective for Shaping Long-Term Ethical Behavior in an Organization: a Written Code of Ethics Combined with Ethics Training or Strong Ethical Leadership? Which Would Have More Impact on You? Why?2200 Words   |  9 PagesEthical concerns are an essential area in business practices, which is applied within organizations to examine ethical principles and ethical dilemmas arisen. In order to form long-term ethical conduct within an organization, usually, a company would organize for ethical business policies, for example, establishing codes of ethics combined with training programs, or/and execute these ethical policies which means â€Å"leadership in delegation, communication and motivation of the company’s ethical positionRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethical Behavior1491 Words   |  6 Pages Ethics can be described as the ideals and principles considered by individuals when determining acceptable behavior. Many individuals take into account socially established normalities and expectations when examining their own behavior. However, I find my ideals to be tied to Jean Paul Sartre’s existential views wh ich assert that ethical behavior should be rooted in one’s personal ration ­alizations and a person’s actions should reflect free agency. Existentialism is a theory that stresses choiceRead MoreEthical Behavior And Ethical Behaviour1102 Words   |  5 PagesEthical behaviour is the ability to make decisions to act in the morally acceptable manner Dalke Ankerstar, 1995, p.7). It is critical in any organization because it helps in building a good reputation that becomes a company’s selling point. A good reputation enhances mutual understanding between the company and its publics that is the stakeholders, government, employees, customers and the general public. It gains the company a competitive edge in the business environment. It is an essential elementRead MoreThe Challenge of Ethical Behavior823 Words   |  4 PagesThe Challenge of Ethical Behavior in Other Countries The requirements of day-to-day organizational performance are so compelling that there is little time or inclination to divert attention to the moral content of organizational decision-making. Morality appears to be so obscure in nature that it lacks substantive relation to performance. An effective organizational culture should encourage ethical behavior and discourage unethical behavior. Unfortunately, ethical behavior may end up costing

The Marketing Law in Australia - the Trade Practices Act of 1974 Case Study

Essays on The Marketing Law in Australia - the Trade Practices Act of 1974 Case Study The paper â€Å"The Marketing Law in Australia - the Trade Practices Act of 1974" is a  meaningful example of a case study on the law. It does so by examining and analyzing in detail the case of the ACCC v Waverley Woollen Mills Pty Ltd. It gives background or history of the case and determines Why the ACCC took action against Waverley Woollen Mills. Furthermore, it attempts to answer whether the ACCC should have taken action against Waverley Woollen Mills and the reasons for it. Lastly, it also aims to understand if the sections relied upon by the ACCC are good laws that will protect the interests of the consumers. Various cases similar to Waverley Woollen Mills will be used to prove this particular point and establish that the Trade Practices Act’s main responsibility is to protect consumers.Marketing Law – AustraliaWaverley Woollen Mills Pty. Ltd., is a company based in West Melbourne in the Australian state of Victoria. Their business areas include mohair, wool, woolen blankets, travel rugs, and wool-filled bedding products. Waverley Woollen Pty. Ltd., supplies a wide range of products in Australia and overseas. These products are manufactured from wool, mohair and alpaca fiber. In the first half of the year 2009, Waverley Woollen Mills Pty. Ltd., gave an undertaking to the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), under S. 87B of the Trade Practices Act of 1974. The history and reason behind the undertaking are as follows.History and BackgroundFrom the year 2004 to the first quarter of the year 2005, Saigon Wool Company based out of Ho Chi Min City, Vietnam, manufactured a range of woolen jumpers known as Work Wear Jumper for the Tasmania based company Blockmack Pty. Ltd. Approximately 16,540 woolen Work Wear jumpers were manufactured by Saigon Wool Company from wool fiber that was spun in Australia but woven in Vietnam. These jumpers were imported into Australia. In July 2005, Waverley Australia Pty. Ltd., purchased the asset s of Blockmack Pty. Ltd., and in the process, Blockmack transferred the ownership of the Work Wear jumpers to Waverley Australia as a part of this transaction. Once the assets were bought over and the ownership transferred, Waverly Australia began selling the Work Wear jumpers through its factory outlet and several of its retail stores in Tasmania and also through an unrelated company in the United States of America. In October 2008, Waverley Woollen Mills Pty. Ltd., purchased the business operated by Waverley Australia and thus assumed ownership of the remaining Work Wear jumpers. Between October 2008 and February 2009, Waverley Woollen Mills began selling the remaining Work Wear jumpers in its possession, from its factory retail outlet on the mill site in Launceston. The collar label on the Work Wear jumpers read â€Å"Product of Australia†, openly describing the product as one that is made in Australia. The underside of the plastic packaging containing the jumper had a sti cker attached to it, which read, â€Å"Product of Australia, Assembled in Vietnam.†Following an investigation, the ACCC, which is responsible for enforcing the Trade Practices Act 1974, alleged that Waverley Woollen Mills Pty Ltd., had breached the sections 52, 53 and 55 of the Trade Practices Act, in representing the jumper as a â€Å"Product of Australia†, when it was in fact manufactured in Vietnam. According to s. 52 Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), a corporation is not allowed to engage in misleading or deceptive conduct or conduct that is likely to mislead or deceive. Additionally, s. 53 Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), a company is prohibited from making false or misleading representations regarding the place of origin of goods. Based on the above two sections, it can be said that Waverley Woollen Mills is answerable to the ACCC, as they have falsely misrepresented the place of origin of the Work Wear jumpers sold by them. They have claimed that it is a product of Australia, when in fact it was made in Vietnam. Furthermore, according to s. 55 Trade Practices Act 1974, a person in trade is prohibited from engaging in conduct that misleads the public with reference to the nature of the goods, manufacturing process, characteristics or the suitability for their purpose. Here again, Waverley Woollen Mills has breached the Trade Practices Act 1974, by misleading the public regarding the manufacturing process of the Work Wear jumpers. The fact that they have breached the TPA is further proved based on the test for representations that goods are a product of a country given in s. 65AC Trade Practices Act of 1974. The first point in s. 65AC TPA states that a company claims that its product is made in a country when it uses words such as a product of or produces. This claim has been made by Waverley Woollen Mills in the label of its jumpers. However for a company to claim this, s. 65AC TPA gives two main prerequisites. Firstly, each of the significant ingredients or components of the goods must have that country as the origin and secondly, all of virtually all of the processes involved in the production or manufacture of the good must happen in the country specified. These two conditions have been breached by Waverley Woollen Mills Pty. Ltd., as the wool used for the jumpers was woven in Vietnam although it was spun in Australia. Since for a claim such as â€Å"Product of Australia†, all products and ingredients have to be manufactured and processed in Australia, the claim made by Waverley Woollen Mills is considered false and misleading.

Jack Londons Naturalism free essay sample

For sometime later, in defending himself against charges of President Theodore Roosevelt and John Burroughs, who had accused him of being a â€Å"nature-faker,† London states his artistic purpose in The Call of the Wild and White Fang:I have been guilty of writing two animal stories—two books about dogs. The writing of these two stories, on my part, was in truth a protest against the â€Å"humanizing† of animals, of which it seemed to me several â€Å"animal writers† had been profoundly guilty. Time and again, and many times, in my narratives, I wrote, speaking of my dog heroes: â€Å"He did not think these things; he merely did them,† etc. And I did this repeatedly to the clogging of my narrative and in violation of my artistic canons; and I did it in order to hammer into the average human understanding that these dog-heroes of mine were not directed by abstract reasoning. We will write a custom essay sample on Jack Londons Naturalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, I endeavored to make my stories in line with the facts of evolution; I hewed them to the mark set by scientific research, and awoke, one day, to find myself bundled neck and crop into the camp of the nature-faker. 3Throughout the essay, London relies on his rather thorough knowledge of Darwinian thought to defend his assertions. If London were not drawing inferences about man in his â€Å"dog-heroes,† his entire literary career, particularly in relationship to the naturalistic movement, is called into question. For to leave the implications of his struggle-for-survival thesis in the realm of â€Å"lower† animals is to relegate the stories to mere animal adventures. Indeed, there would seem to be no London achievement worth quibbling about. But, in fact, in both the first stories and the first novel—in which human beings are clearly the protagonists—these precise themes and motifs are basic philosophy. The extent to which London makes the Darwinian or Spencerian allegory directly applicable to human existence is surely left for the reader to decide. For while there is confusion in Londons articulation between the explicit relationships of the evolutionary and atavistic concepts developed by Darwin and the views advanced by Spencer, London seems little concerned about delineating either with a nice distinction. Nevertheless, precise qualification which focuses on naturalistic implications of the novel accounts for the meaning of the work. The plot of The Call of the Wild is so familiar, because of its widespread popularity, that to review it would appear unnecessary, particularly in view of the haste with which London wrote it. Since he is ostensibly concerned with dogs in the naturalism here, however, a brief statement of the plot may be helpful. In simplest terms, Buck, a magnificent dog, lives on Judge Millers ranch in California. He is kidnapped and taken to Alaska where through numerous hardships and encounters with the â€Å"wild† he recognizes his affinity to it and reverts to his primordial state. It is clear that Buck is not precisely one of the pure breed for whom London held greatest respect, because Buck is a cross between a St. Bernard and a Scotch sheperd. 4 Still, Bucks pre-eminence, as London later explains, results from the lucky combination of his parents, a familiar philosophical idea emanating from Londons views on natural selection. While the Judge is away at a meeting of the Raisin Growers Association, Buck is stolen by Manuel, a ranch laborer, and sold for fifty dollars to a man who wants to use Buck in the Northern country. In the suggestive initial chapter, â€Å"Into the Primitive,† Buck first learns the difference between the â€Å"cold† world to which he is being taken and the â€Å"warm† world from which he comes. He has not been accustomed to harsh treatment, but being an exceptionally wise dog, he quickly adjusts. In fact, his adjustment and his adaptability become his salvation. Bucks first reaction to rough treatment is in a spirit of rebelliousness. But, London tells his reader before he has gone a dozen pages into the narrative, Buck recognizes a new â€Å"law† when he sees it:He saw, once for all, that he stood no chance against a man with a club. He had learned the lesson, and in all his after life he never forgot it. That club was a revelation. It was his introduction to the reign of primitive law, and he met the introduction halfway. The facts of life took on a fiercer aspect; and while he faced that aspect uncowed, he faced it with all the latent cunning of his nature aroused (21). And each dog who is brought receives the same treatment:As the days went by, other dogs came, in crates and at the end of ropes, some docilely, and some raging and roaring as he had come; and, one and all, he watched them pass under the dominion of the man in the red sweater. Again and again, as he looked at each brutal performance, the lesson was driven home to Buck: a man with a club was a law-giver, a master to be obeyed, though not necessarily conciliated. Of this last Buck was never guilty, though he did see beaten dogs that fawned upon the man, and wagged their tails, and licked his hand. Also he saw one dog, that would neither conciliate nor obey, finally killed in the struggle for mastery (22).

The Collapse of Enron Case Study Essay Example For Students

The Collapse of Enron Case Study Essay The collapse of Enron case study Q1. The key stakeholders involved in, or affected by the collapse of Enron are: employees and retirees, thousands of them lost their jobs and the investment; the executives: Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling and Andrew Fastow they sold significant blocs of company stock, have conflicts of interests; government figures, Lay had close personal tie with the Bush family, Enron’s efforts influence policy making; regulatory authorities: Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC); their business partners: Arthur Anderson and Vison Elkins; the competitor Dynergy; the two banks: Citi Bank and J. We will write a custom essay on The Collapse of Enron Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now P. Morgan Chase and the last two are the customers and investors. The stakeholders let the collapse of Enron through their carelessness and lack of oversight. Employees were afraid to question the company and their directors and business partners suffered form the same financial conflicts of interest. The government do not ensure the managers action are aligned with stakeholders interests, they have close and personal relationship between upper manager and Board of director and corporate governance agents and have high compensation for board member. The accounting methods used by management to manipulate Enron’s earnings. The reward system let employees to make the accounting numbers look good. The deregulation causes the market become more volatile and risk, customers and producers are complaint. Regulators enforcement did not enough, Enron’s financial statements look like a black box. The business partners encourage Enron do some questionable activities. Because of the collapse, the two banks faced major write-downs on bad loans and before the collapse the management still lying to employees to who have invested in Enron’s stocks. Q2. The corporate strategy in Enron encourages the company use illegal and questionable ways to increase value. Enron’s compensation and award system and the â€Å"rank and yank† system let the executives use questionable activities and the employees afraid to ask the question to avoid be fire. The illegal accounting procedures cause the company collapse. The lack of stakeholders oversight and the political influence giving Enron the competitive advantage (deregulation). Q3. For corporate managers in Enron, they should consider more ethical ways to achieving its objectives. They should lower the compensation to board members, increasing responsibility to the board member to oversight the company’s operations. Choose the board member outside the company officers. Use the accounting procedure that intent of misrepresenting a company’s financial statement. The company should make the relatively policy to let employees understand the ethical violations are serious and make some punishment to illegal activities. Regulators such as the SEC should conducted backdoor investigations into how the company’s earnings were being made. The accounting and legal firm should have responsibility for their relationship between their clients. And the business policy should have regulator agency to monitors their behaviors.